Burner.



W. R. JEAVONS.

BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 28,1907.

Patented Dec. 15, 190s.

Zzzz/Cazzzar.

UNITED s nrnsrnrnsr onrlrcn 'irri/MM n. JnAvoNs, or er-nvnLAnn'onio.

BURNER.

Application filed June 1907.' Serial Ilm-381,243. I

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM R. JEAvoNs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cleveland, -in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio,have invented a certain new and usefullmprovement in Burners, of whichthe following is a lfull, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accomp'anylng drawings.

Myinvention relates to oil burners and more especially heating s tovesand lamps, and, in the' preferred form, is especially applicable toburn.n ers whichv are used in stoves known to the trade as smokelessheaters, The. burners whichl have heretofore been used in stoves' ofthis type are provided eachvwithr a stop for the wick, the stopbeingcarried by the air distributer and so arranged that the wick cannotbe turned u beyond ya certain' predetermined height. lhe wick stop'isgenerally constructed as a flange carried by the .vertically extendingportion of the air distributer and projecting tubes in position tointercept the wick. As

' the wick rises, the flange rests on' top of the l such ex wick and iscarried u ward thereby, carrying with it the air distri uter, and theupward excursion of the wick is limited by a sto nut which prevents theair raised beyond a certain predetermined distance. For the heavieroils, the stop is so set that when the wick is raised to the highestpoint its to i is about a quarter inch above the top of tlie wick tubes,this area of wick being for the maximum flame, and with this height ofWick there is provided on its outside a suliiciently large exposedsurface to permit the Wick to be easily lighted, and in its operation,owing to therelatively large expanse of osure, any. slight irregularityin the top of t 1e wick is practically negligible compared with'theamountof ex osure and the ame produced is substantia ly of uniformheight; lVith lthe use of heavy oils and the stop arranged to givea'quarter inch wick exposure, the amount of vapor produced is sufficientto make a large llame,but not sufli- -cien't to make an excessively highAllame that would produce'smok'e; hence the trade name of smokelessheaters. In some localities, however, there are in use what are known aslight oils which are more volatile and vaporize with less heat than dothe heavier oils above referred to.

In operating the type ol' burner above deto burners which are employedin across the top of the wick distributer from 'ei-ng' -perature of suchoils is relative vcessively high and smoky,

Patentedvnec. 1t, 190e'.4

scribed, having a uarter inchwick exposure and employed with the lighteroils, the wick exposure is too great, as the vaporizing terny low, and-agreater volume of vapor is produced from the same .exposedareapf wick.The .result is that, under these conditions, the flame is exand theremedy usually is to decrease the amount of wick exposure and inthis'way lessen the. amount of vapor produced and'thereby produce alower flame.

This lessening ofthe Wick exposure,

while itmakes the flame'l'ower and smokeless.-

in the use of these lighter oils, has the disadvantage thatthe spacebetween the top of the wick tubes and the wick sto 4 ping flange 1ssmall-usu ally from b n this small wick exposure it is exceedinglydifficult to initially light the burner by'rea-4 son of the proximityofthe metal portions of the flange and the wick tubes. FurtherV thanthis, any irregularities in the wick, withsuch small wick exposure, wlllproduce much greaterirregularities in the flame than when the wickexposure ,is greater, as such irregularities bear a larger report-icutethe area of the exposed wick t 1an in the former case. It is, therefore,exceedingly desirable, for the satisfactory lighting and operation 0fthese burners, to retain a large wlck exposure' and,

at the same time, not havesuch an excess of vapor' producedl when oerating with light oils that the iiamev will e entirely beyondl -limitsand undesirable.

The object of this invention is to maintain alarge exposed. wick surfaceand, at the same'time, lessen the rate of vaporization from such surfacewhere the character of the oils used makes it desirable to do so, and toembody the means for doingthis in a safe and reliable construction.Generally stated,l

. the invention may be defined as consisting of the combinations ofelements embodied in the claims hereto annexed and illustrated in thedrawings, wherein` Figure l' represents an elevation of a portion of astove `or heater, the casing being broken away and the air derfiectorand certain portionspf the burner parts being shown in elevation. Fig. 2represents .an enlarged sectional view of the upper portion of a burnerhaving my invention applied thereto, and

Fig. 3 represents a bottom plan of the air dellector.

Describing the parts by reference nurnerfl als, 1- represents the baseofa lamp or heater,

2 the drum thereof and 30 the oil reservoir. Projecting upwardly fromthe oil reservoir are the inner and outer Wick tubes 3 and 4respectively, Within the inner wick tube there isv located a spider orframe 5 from which there projects upwardly a rod 6 having its upper endlthreaded for the reception of the interiorly threaded nut 7. Nut 7retains the air distributer 8 in place in the upper end of the innerwick tubeand serves as a to` limit its upward excursion when lifted bythe wick. This air distributer 8 comprises a vertically extending sleeve9 ofl perforated material extending downwardly within the to y of theinner wick tube and having suitab y secured thereto the stop or wickflange 10, which projects laterally lnto the path of the wick and restson its top surface when the wick is in raised position. This wick flangeprojects outwardly from the skirt l1, the lower end of which is securedto the end of the. sleeve 9 in any suitable manner, 'as by pressing themetal thereof inwardly at 12.l The spreader plate 13 is provided with acentral perforation through which the to of rod 6 projects, and the nut7, when in p ace on-the rod, limits the up# ward movement of thespreader plate and parts, including the wick flange 10, so that the wickcan be raised only to a predetermined height. In practice with heavyoils'- that take considerable heat for their volatilization, the partsare arranged so that the top ofthe wick is turned up to about from ,367to inch above the top of the wick tubes for the highest flame obtainablewithout smoking. With lighter oils, or oils that volatilize at a lowertemperature, such wick exposure would be altogether too great and wouldcause an excessively high and smoky flame.

For the purpose of enabling the burner to o crate satisfactorily withsuch oils and with t e same wick exposure, I provide the fol-A lowingconstruction whereby the top of the Wick and the wick' flange which isassociated therewith are cooled 'relatively to the tem- E perature whichsaid flange and ,wick would otherwise attain. Above the wick flange 10and at a distance of about ,1g inch, more or less,l there is'located aprotecting member or flange 14. For the dpurpose ol' making this flangestiff and rigi it may be curved as I I shown, although the curving ofthis is not essential, and it may be apphed to sleeve 9 of the airdistributer b fitting it into a groove 15 formed in such s eeve. In theconstruc- V tion of the air distributer described, it will be seen thatwith thel skirt 11 and its projectingwick flange larranged Aasdescribed, a space is rovided between the inner edge of the wick ange 10a'nd the sleeve 9, and that l from said inner edge the skirt extendsdownwardly and inwardly to its junction with sleeve 9, so that flange14, projecting laterally from the sleeve 9, forms with said sleeve lowertemperature.

and the skirt of the flangelO an'enlarged chamber havingl a considerablearea of perforated metal through which air may be supplied to the narrowspace between the two flanges. While it is desirable to have an ampleperforated area for su plying air to this passa ebetween the two anges,it is not essentia that'it should be unduly large, and if this area weresmaller than shown in the particular construction illustrated herein, itwould answer the purpose .of allowing a current of air to passbetweenthe two flanges. lt will be seen, however, that with thisarrangement, not only is the protecting .flange 14 in position tointercept the heat radiated fromy the llame and shield the wick-flangefrom such radiation, but also that there is a current of cool air comingfrom the interior of the burner, and such protecting flange 14 directsthis current o f air so that it passes directly over the wick flange 10,thus keeping it considerably cooler than would be the case if the aircurrents were not so directed by the .from the lower flange, by theaction of the protecting flange in intercepting and shielding the lowerflange and top of the wick from the heat radiated from the body of theflame, but the protecting flangr also thew'ick flange a passageway trough which yair from the interior of the burner may flow to positivelymaintain the lower flange at a lt has been found in practice that, bymaking the upper flange wider or narrower, it exerts agreater or lessshielding influence von the lower flange, so that with a given wickexposure and a cer- 'tain grade of'oil, the vaporization fromthe exposedwick 4will be greater with a narrower flange and less with a widerflange, whereby it is possible, by making a protecting flange of properwidth, to provide a large wick exposure, but still, with the use oflight oils, have a 'maximum flame that is safely below the smokingpoint. With such light oils as are used 'in the -VJestern States, arotecting flange a trifle larger than` the wiel? flange is preferablyused, as this gives the maximum smokeless flame with inch wick exposure,Where, on the other hand, without such protecting flange, such Westernoils would'give an uter may be changed some;

provides with excesslvelyzlarge llame, on the point of srnoking, withfrom 53g to inch wick exposure. Having described my invention, Iclaim: 1. ln an oil burner, the combination of an inner and an outerwick tube, afwick therebetween., an air deflector comprising a sleeveprojecting upwardly from the upper end of therefrom, said sleeve beingthe inner wick tube, a ring having a portion projecting outwardly andupwardly from said sleeve to form therewith a space or chamber, theprojecting portion having a -flange extendin into the path of the wick,

and a second ange carried by vsaid sleeve above the first mentionedfltnge and spaced rforated to permitthe flow of air from t e interior ofthe burner to said space or chamber and throu hl the passageway formedbetween said fanges, substantially as s ecified.

1 2. In an oil burner, the com )ination of an inner and an outer wicktube, a wick therebetween, an air defiector comprising a sleeveprojecting upwardly from the upper end of. the inner wick tube, a flangesecured to said sleeve and projecting over the top of the wick andserving as a stop therefor, and a second flange Aalso secured to saidsleeve'and also extending over the top 'of the wick in proximity to andabove the first-mentioned lange and in position to shield saidfirstmentioned flange from' radiant heat of the flame, the sleeveextending above the second flange and being perforated to sup ly air`from the interior of the burner tot ye 8,8- sageway formed betweensaidflanges and to the flame above said flanges, substantially as specified.l i

3. In an oil burner, the combination of an inner and an outer wicktube,'a wick therebetween, an airldeflector comprising asleeveprojecting upwardly from the upper end of the inner wick tube, aflan ve'secured to said sleeve and projecting overt e top ofthe wick andserving as. a stop therefor, a second flange also secured to said sleeveand also extending over the top of the wick in roximity to and above thefirst mentioned ange and in osition to shield said first mentionedflange rom radiant heat of the flame, the sleeve extending above theuppermost flange and being perforated betweenl 'said flanges and abovethe same to supply air from the interior 'of the burner to thepassageway formed between said flanges and to the flame above saidflanges, subatantially as specified.

4. In an oil burner, the combination of an inner and an outer wick tube,a wick therebetween, an air deflector' 4comprising a sleeve projectingupwardly from the upper end of the inner wick tube, a ring.r having` aportion projecting outwardly and upwar ly from said sleeve to formtherewith a space or chamber, the projecting portion havin a flangeextending into the path of the wick, said Lring being perforated, and asecond flange carried by said sleeve above the first mentioned flangeand spaced therefrom, said sleeve being perforated to ermit the flow ofair from the interior of t e burner to said space or chamber and throughthe passageway formed between said flanges, substantially as specified.y

5. In an oil burner, the combination of an inner and an outer wick tube,a wick therebetween, an air deflector comprising a sleeve projectingupwardly from the upper end of the inner wick tube, a rin f having aportion projecting outwardly an u wardly from sai( sleevel to formtherewit chamber, the projecting portion having a flange extending intothe path of the w1ck,

said anges to permit the flow of air from the linterior of the burner tothe spacebetweensaid flanges and to the ame above said flanges,substantially as specified.

6. In' a burner, the combination of an inner `and an outer wick tube, awick therea space or between, an air deflector comprising a sleevero'ectin u wardl from the up erend of ffhelinnergwidlr tube," a flangesecufbd to said sleeve and projecting over the' top of .the wick andserving as a stop therefor, and a second flange also secured to saidsleeve and also extending over the top of the wick in i proximity to andabove the first mentioned ange and in position to shield said first.mentioned flange from radiant heat of the flame, the sleeve extendingabove the second flange and being perforated thereabove.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my.

signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM R. J EA'VONS.

Witnesses:

J. B. HULL. G. A. MYERS.

